Subsector: Transit
Microtransit
VMT Reduction Potential: 1
Cost: 3
ROI: 1
StanCOG Relevancy: 5
Land Use Content: Urban, Suburban, Rural
Trip Type: School, Residential, Commute, Recreation
Scale: Regional, Community
Timing: Short Term (1-3 years)
Implementors-Private: Educational Institutions, Private Transportation Providers, Transportation Management Associations (TMAs)/Transportation Management Organizations (TMOs), Transportation Network Companies (TNCs)
Implementors-Public: Municipalities, Regional Agencies, Transit Agencies
References: California Air Pollution Control Officers Association (2024), California Air Resources Board Clean Mobility Options Program, StanCOG Regional Transportation Plan/Sustainable Communities Strategy

Description

Expanding and improving microtransit services to address first/last mile gaps and provide flexible, on-demand public transportation increases the convenience and overall usage of transit.

Implementation Details

  • Identify transit deserts and low-density areas where fixed-route service has limited coverage or frequency.
  • Evaluate microtransit pilots connecting smaller communities to StanRTA transfer centers and major employment, education, healthcare, and commercial destinations.
  • Consider first/last-mile microtransit connections to StanRTA routes, ACE stations, and other regional transportation services.
  • Provide both app-based and telephone booking to avoid excluding residents without smartphones.
  • Evaluate partnerships with TNCs or microtransit technology providers for scheduling, dispatch, and vehicle tracking.
  • Monitor trips, passengers per vehicle hour, cost per passenger, trip purpose, and automobile trips replaced to determine whether service should be expanded.

Mitigation Potential

Microtransit programs offer alternative options for Single Occupancy Vehicles for the first/last mile challenges. Reducing the reliance on Single Occupancy Vehicle to make the first/last mile challenges by offering a convenient and reliable option will impact VMT . While there are not currently quantification methods specific to microtransit, surveys can be used to gauge the effectiveness of this service.

Linked Strategies

Equity Considerations

Target microtransit expansion in transit-poor rural areas, tribal lands, and farmworker communities. Ensure low fares or fare-free access for seniors, youth, and low-income riders through voucher programs. Incorporate multilingual app access and cash-based booking options to reduce digital and financial barriers. Include accessible vehicles in fleet for riders with disabilities.

Funding Sources

Requires initial technology and vehicle investments as well as ongoing operating funding. Potential sources include the California Air Resources Board Clean Mobility Options Voucher Pilot Program, LCTOP, FTA Section 5310, FTA Section 5311, FTA Section 5307, CMAQ, and local transportation funding.

Examples/Case Studies

Placer County Microtransit

Placer County launched a microtransit program offering dial-a-ride services to fill transit gaps in low-density areas with flexible, on-demand

Calexico Mobility On-Demand – Imperial County

The Imperial County Transportation Commission received a Clean Mobility Options voucher to implement Calexico’s first zero-emission microtransit program. The service uses three plug-in hybrid vehicles to provide affordable, on-demand transportation for seniors, low-income residents, and youth. The project is particularly relevant to StanCOG because it demonstrates how microtransit can be funded through California’s Clean Mobility Options program and targeted toward communities with transportation access gaps.